短句1. More investment is needed.
短句2. Passengers will not be willing to pay more (indefinitely) (無限期地).
短句3. They must also endure cramped (擁擠的), unreliable (不可靠的,不靠譜的) services. 這句話還可以縮短為 They must endure services.
短句4. The (cramped unreliable) services are punctuated (打斷) (by regular chaos). 這句話還可以縮短為:The services are punctuated. (punctuate 近義詞 disrupt) punctuated by regular (經(jīng)常的;頻繁的) chaos (混亂;騷亂)
短句5. Timetables (時(shí)刻表) are changed.
短句6. (Planned) maintenance (維護(hù);維修) is managed (incompetently). 這句話還可以縮短為 Maintenance is managed.
咱們看看它是如何從短句子變來的吧!
“短句1 but 短句2” 構(gòu)成句子的主干。
那在什么情況下乘客不愿意無限期地多付錢呢?加上if條件句,也就是if 短句3。More investment is needed, but passengers will not be willing to pay more indefinitely if they must also endure cramped, unreliable services. 作者覺得用cramped, unreliable兩個(gè)詞去吐槽這種服務(wù)的差還不夠,所以有了過去分詞短語 punctuated by regular chaos,這個(gè)短語表被動(dòng),成都小程序開發(fā),由短句4變化而來。那什么時(shí)候會發(fā)生regular chaos呢?作者加了when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。這個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句由 when 短句5 短句6 構(gòu)成。句首加上連貫文章中上一句的Yes, 就變成了考研真題中的原句。